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Why the translation bridge?
There are plenty of places on the web for translators, academic linguists, business people, students and everybody who loves language. Yet although lots has been written about translation theory, it's mostly rather academic and about literary - rather than business - translation, and misses the everyday practical and fun side of working with the language needs of companies.
That's the gap we want to bridge. We'll talk about anything and everything which appeals to us about language, translation and business. As Steven Pinker wrote in his book The Language Instinct, "I have never met a person who was not interested in language".
Colin Whiteley
President of QuickSilver Translations
All’interno dell’impresa Quicksilver Translations mi sono stati assegnati vari compiti, come ad esempio: occuparmi della revisione e correzione delle traduzioni realizzate in italiano, tradurre testi dall'inglese-spagnolo verso l'italiano, creare glossari di terminologia specifica in varie lingue( inglese, spagnolo, francese, italiano), copiare parti di testo da documenti in formato PDF a formato Excel.
Le traduzioni trattavano di svariati temi: informatica, rapporto tra impresa e cliente, terminologia specifica (macchinari, prodotti alimentari).
Per tradurre ho utilizzato per la prima volta il programma TRADOS e questo mi ha permesso di imparare le funzioni basiche del software, utilizzando ad esempo le memorie di traduzione per rivedere termini già usati in precedenza in documenti paralleli, utilizzando lo strumento WINALIGN per allineare uno stesso testo scritto in due lingue differenti. Ora sono perciò in grado di creare una memoria di traduzione e utilizzare siti internet specifici per trovare termini tecnici e importanti suggerimenti.
A mio avviso, poter fare tirocinio all'interno di un'impresa durante l'università è estremamente importante ed è giusto che sia parte del programma accademico.
Ho imparato moltissimo e ho scoperto cose che durante l’università nessuno mi aveva insegnato e di cui non ero al corrente.
Innanzitutto ho imparato ad utilizzare le funzioni base del programma TRADOS, un software importantissimo all’interno dell’ambito traduttivo. Le sue funzioni permettono di lavorare in modo rapido e sicuro.
Inoltre ho imparato come lavora una squadra di traduttori all'interno di una impresa di traduzione di free-lances. Tutti qui si aiutano e condividono dubbi e informazioni a proposito di terminogia, formato del testo, realizzando riunioni sistematiche per controllare le scadenze dei progetti. Tutte le persone che ho conosciuto si sono dimostrate disponibili e flessibili ai suggerimenti e alle proposte dei colleghi, aiutandomi nei momenti di dubbio o difficoltà con i progetti da realizzare.
Infine, ho scoperto quanto è importante per un traduttore la sua lingua madre. Infatti, grazie al mio bagaglio linguistico e culturale e alla mia esperienza personale ho potuto lavorare con varie lingue, correggendo testi in italiano tradotti dall'inglese, francese e spagnolo senza dover lavorare unicamente con una combinazione linguistica predefinita.
E’ stata un’esperienza unica e indispensabile per la mia formazione all'interno sia dell'ambito traduttivo che personale, poiché ho conosciuto persone che non dimenticherò facilmente.
Elena Bonfiglioli
British and American cars express fuel consumption of cars in "miles per gallon" (mpg). Unfortunately they don't use the same gallon. The Imperial gallon, still sometimes used in metric Britain, is 4.542 litres, whereas the US gallon is somewhat smaller, at 3.785 litres. So a car which does 30 mpg in England achieves only 25 mpg in the States.
The rest of the world uses either kilometres per litre or litres per 100 km. 25 US mpg is equivalent to 10.63 km per litre. Usually this is turned upside down and expressed as 9.41 l/100 km.
This inversion, or reciprocal, is generally a better way of expressing fuel consumption as vehicles get more and more efficient. Imagine you have a fuel consumption gauge in your car and you average 8 l/100 km. As you start going downhill it may drop all the way down from 8 to 4 to 2 and to zero, i.e. no fuel is being used at all. With the old way of measuring consumption, you would go from 12.5 km/l to 25 to 50 and to infinity (infinite distance per unit of fuel), which is not only a bit odd, but means your gauge would have to be drawn as a logarithmic scale instead of the nice and easy linear one with the inverted units.
Colin
Translators and localisers often get confused when converting American units to SI units (see Notes). Temperature conversions are not as simple as they look. Fahrenheit and Centigrade conversion different depending on whether the temperature is absolute or relative. Most people are familiar with temperatures such as these:
Freezing point of water: 0 ºC and 32 ºF
Boiling point of water: 100 ºC and 212 ºF
Temperature at which the two curves cross: -40 ºC = -40 ºF
You can get from ºC to ºF by multiplying by 9/5 and adding 32 (or by adding 40, multiplying by 9/5 and subtracting 40).
You get from ºF to ºC by subracting 32 and multiplying by 5/9 (or by adding 40, multiplying by 5/9 and subtracting 40).
But in relative terms, 5 degrees C equals 9 degrees 5. Now our table looks like this:
0 degrees C = 0 degrees F
100 degrees C = 180 degrees F
-40 degrees C = -72 degrees F
Note that the º symbol should be used ONLY for absolute temperatures, and "degrees" (or its translation) is used for temperature differences. So by using the units correctly, we can say that 100 ºC = 212 ºF but 100 degrees C = 180 degrees F.
Notes:
1. "American", not "English", since every other English-speaking country in the world has adopted SI (Système International) units, and because not all the old English units are the same as in America.
2. Not "Imperial", because this only refers to some of the units; an Imperial Gallon is 4.542 litres, 20% more than a US Gallon, which is 3.785 litres, which is on reason why US cars look like they use much more fuel than British ones!
3. Not "metric", since all American units are already defined in terms of metric units. For example, the official definition of an inch has for many years been 2.54 millimeters.
Colin
There is an American TV series called "Mad Men", about advertising executives in 1960s New York. The title is a pun on "Madison Avenue" and "Advertising" (Ad Men). In US English, "mad" means "angry", whereas in the UK it only means "insane". So to British ears it's a different sort of pun.
In my own speech (South-east England) it's also a minimal pair with either a short and long vowel. To make it mean "insane" I have to lengthen the vowel in "mad". For the "Madison/Advertising" meaning I have to shorten it, so the pun is wrong on two counts for me.
Most varieties of English have a long /a/ as in "father" and a short one as in "dad". Southern British speakers use the long vowel in words like path, bath, past, where most Americans and Northern English speakers use the short one. However, some speakers like me from Southern England have a third phoneme, with the same vowel quality as in dad, add, crack, but about twice as long. It only occurs before some voiced consonants. So I have, for example:
Short vowel, like everybody else: dad, pad, sat, bang, crack, gang
Long vowel, unlike most speakers: sad, jam, bad, mad (insane)
Phoneticians would call these two vowels "allophones" of the same phoneme (variants which depend purely on the positional context of the sound) unless there were at least one minimal pair, in which two words mean different things but are contrasted only by this sound. I have only ever found 2 such minimal pairs in my own speech. One is "mad", as described above, and the other is "jam", where I use the short vowel in the context of "traffic jam" but the long one for "strawberry jam".
Colin
(publicado en El País el 5-2-10)
Este artículo de Aurelio Arteta en El País es la mejor colección de archisílabos innecesarios que he visto. Que conste que no estoy de acuerdo con todos los ejemplos, pero sí con la idea...
A los archisílabos les espera larga vida entre nosotros. Me lo temía al observar que no ha desaparecido del mercado lingüístico ni uno sólo de los varios cientos ya divulgados; o cuando se constata, al contrario, la fruición con que los hablantes los siguen creando o paladeando.
Funcionarios, periodistas, políticos, profesores universitarios y expertos de todo pelaje andan empeñados en inventar o escoger palabras largas que suplanten a otras de igual significado, aunque más breves. Pero la certeza del triunfo del archisílabo la tuve el día en que escuché una diferenciación en boca de un académico de la Lengua..., justo en el momento en que él mismo reprobaba la moda del archisílabo.
...
ver artículo completo en http://www.elpais.com/articulo/opinion/Archisilabos/tutiplen/elpepiopi/20100205elpepiopi_4/Tes
(by Hélène Jougla)
Dans le cadre de mes études en traduction à l'Université Lille 3, j'ai eu la chance d'effectuer trois mois de stage au sein de l'entreprise QuickSilver Translations, du 1er avril au 1er juillet 2009. J'aimerais revenir sur cette expérience, qui s'est révélée particulièrement enrichissante.
La première journée à QuickSilver Translations
Il me semble intéressant d'évoquer cette première journée au sein de l’entreprise car j’ai pu en entrevoir le fonctionnement et l’ambiance dès de le départ, et me faire une idée assez réaliste du déroulement du stage par la suite.
Tout d’abord, j’ai été assez surprise de découvrir six personnes dans une même grande pièce. Le directeur a son propre bureau et tous les autres sont réunis autour d’une seule et même table.
J’ai ainsi eu l’impression de me retrouver au cœur de l’activité de l’entreprise, dès le début, ce que j’ai trouvé à la fois effrayant et excitant. La sympathie de l’accueil qui m’a été réservé a encore renforcé cette impression d’intégration à l’entreprise.
Ensuite, sans perdre de temps, une première traduction de l’anglais vers le français m’a été proposée.
Puis, en fin de matinée (correspondant plus au début d’après-midi en France), StephenWhiteley a pris la parole pour démarrer la réunion hebdomadaire. J'avoue m'être demandée avec inquiétude combien de temps durerait la réunion puisque mon estomac criait déjà famine... Mais mon ventre avait à peine eu le temps de gargouiller que le directeur se tournait vers un grand tableau accroché au mur et m’expliquait ce qui s’y trouvait : une liste de projets de traduction ainsi que de nombreuses informations les concernant. Certains projets à venir m'ont d'ores et déjà été attribués. J'étais tout simplement ravie.
Au cours de cette première journée, j’ai également été assez impressionnée par la polyvalence et les compétences linguistiques de chacun des membres de l’entreprise. J’ai pu constater que, pendant la réunion, ils continuaient à travailler sur leurs ordinateurs tout en participant activement aux discussions. De plus, je les ai tous entendu parler trois langues et j’étais réellement incapable d’identifier leurs nationalités, étant donné qu’ils parlaient ces trois langues avec un accent et un vocabulaire parfaits. Ces « détails » m’ont paru tout à fait prometteurs et m’ont motivé pour me montrer à la hauteur.
Les objectifs du stage et le bilan
L'objectif principal qui a guidé le choix de mon stage était de mettre en pratique les compétences acquises lors de la première année de Master de Traduction Spécialisée Multilingue dans le cadre d’une agence de traduction. En effet, cette première année, quasiment exclusivement consacrée à la traduction, m'a particulièrement plu. Cependant, j'attendais avec impatience de vivre une expérience professionnelle où la traduction ferait partie de mon quotidien afin d'être sûre qu'il s'agissait bien de la voie que je choisirais.
La diversité des tâches que j’ai effectuées m’a non seulement permis de mettre à profit les connaissances acquises lors de ma première année de Master mais surtout de les approfondir considérablement. La découverte du travail de chef de projets a également été particulièrement bénéfique. En effet, la compréhension de la façon de gérer un projet aide à la traduction elle-même. De plus, je me suis retrouvée au cœur d’une ambiance qui était à la fois très agréable et très professionnelle.
A l'heure de rechercher un nouveau stage pour clore mon Master, je dresse un bilan extrêmement positif du stage chez QuickSilver Translations, tant sur le plan personnel que sur le plan professionnel. En effet, j’ai pu à la fois réaliser de nombreuses traductions qui ont majoritairement été bien accueillies et découvrir d’autres tâches qui font également partie du métier de traducteur. De même, j’ai eu l’opportunité de comprendre le fonctionnement d’une agence et de la gestion de projets, ce qui s'est avéré très utile pour la deuxième année de Master et le sera encore plus par la suite.
J’ai appris à jongler entre trois langues, j'ai pu acquérir de la confiance et développer certaines qualités telles que la prise d’initiatives, le sens des responsabilités et la rapidité, qui constituent les bases de l’entrée dans la vie professionnelle et font partie des éléments nécessaires à tout traducteur professionnel.
En quelques mots, cette expérience a non seulement répondu à mes attentes mais elle les a dépassées.
Colin, Stephen, Laura, Mireia, Dan, Daniel, merci encore.
Another curious dilemma: "28th floor" (USA). Should I translate it as "planta 28" (same number) or "planta 27" (equivalent floor in Europe). I would definitely translate "1st and 2nd floors" as "ground and first", but higher up, it feels like it's the number which counts, i.e. the button you push in the lift. 27 would be a bit pedantic. I think I may use "planta número 28".
Translators seem to have a huge problem with the word "flow", which is important in fire protection, and I find myself correcting it over and over again. The problem is distinguishing between flow as a phenomenon and rate of flow, which is a vector with a magnitude. English normally uses the term "flow" for both meanings, which can be very confusing. So in German it's Fluss vs. Durchfluss, which is easy enough. Spanish has flujo vs. caudal, French flux vs. débit, etc. I've seen "flow rate" translated as "tasa de flujo" (ouch), and in both sorts of Portuguese I've had to coach the translators (Portugal has "débito" like the French, Brazil has "vazão", which is quite different). Oh, and Italian has flusso vs portata. Curious that "flow" should be the same cognate in all of them but "flow rate" not shared at all (except for Portugal).
I was having difficulty translating German Überwachungspotenzial for a detector system. "Monitoring potential" sounds so translationese, as does "potencial de vigilancia" in Spanish. Then I realised that in English we talk about "coverage", a quite different solution to the meaning. And in Spanish it's just "cobertura". Now it sounds natural.
I find it very interesting how technology in "importing" countries can have several expressions based on the language of the exporter. Thus, "cuadro de detección" from English "detection panel" but "central de señalización" from German "Meldezentrale", which is exactly the same piece of equipment.